Archive for September, 2007

Is It Wrong To “Airbrush” A Model?

Friday, September 28th, 2007

Retouching the model with Photoshop

Last week I stumbled upon a website where photographer Vitaly Druchinin demonstrates his (considerable, in my opinion) talent for retouching and manipulating images of models. I was really impressed.

My initial reaction was that the resulting picture was a lie, in as much as it gave a false impression of… well, everything! Once I gave it a little more thought I realized that I was being rather naive (okay, stupid). Of course these pictures give a false impression – why would you want to see the reality anyway? These images are art, not documentary. They exist to create a fantasy. And as art they really work. Without the before and after images I would have been none the wiser and I think this is the key ingredient here; the “artist” has created something which you do not question when the finished image is all the information you have to go on.

However, a couple of days ago, many of the local bus stops were adorned with a poster advertising the opening of a new shop in the town centre. The poster shows the lovely Louise Redknapp in her Triumph underwear, looking fantastic. For a few seconds (I admit it would have been longer, but there was nobody waiting for the bus at this stop) I stared at the poster and admired the lighting, the set and, okay, Mrs Redknapp. Then it hit me! I know I’m looking at at a picture which has almost certainly been completely retouched. I don’t have the before and after pictures to compare, but that’s not clever lighting, it’s Photoshop. Is Mrs Redknapp really that shapely, or has she been digitally enhanced? I’m labouring the point – I know you get it.

What makes this advertising image different is that I’m expected to believe in it, although it’s still about fantasy to some extent, obviously. It’s not supposed to be art. The model is someone recognisible; someone I feel I know, in a way. This makes it feel dishonest.

Of course this has been going on for ever. Even the portraits from the old masters aren’t accurate. Famously, creating a painted portrait was more about showing the sitter in a flattering light than depicting an accurate portrayal. Isn’t this just the same thing but with modern technology?

Where do you draw the line? Is there really any difference between airbrushing away a single wrinkle and completely changing the lighting of a photograph? Is this just part of producing aesthetically great imagery or is it the corruption of something that should be more pure?

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Memory Lane: Reciprocity Failure

Thursday, September 27th, 2007

Reciprocity failure. Copyright: Jake Levin, USA, 2007

As a result of Charlie’s article about his black & white photography course, I found myself thinking about all those weekends I spent hidden away from daylight, processing film and prints. I realized there are all sorts of fancy terms and technical issues which those of you who came to photography in the digital age will know nothing about.

The first one which sprang to mind, was “reciprocity failure”. Reciprocity is the relationship between shutter speed and aperture and the resulting exposure value. When we double the amount of light passing through the lens by opening the aperture one stop, we maintain a constant exposure value by halving the shutter speed.

The difference between film and digital is that reciprocity remains true and constant in digital cameras at all exposure times, whereas film requires adjusting to compensate as exposure time increases. Thus, reciprocity fails beyond “normal” exposure times (I’m not going attempt to define “normal”!).

Possibly not the most useful piece of information in this digitally dominated world, but a nice little stroll down memory lane for me. Now, can I interest anyone in “reticulation”, I wonder?

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Back To School – The Wonderful Thing About Film

Wednesday, September 26th, 2007

Photogram 1

Yesterday I attended my first lesson at college for my AS level in photography. The course focuses on black and white photography and requires the students to work with film.

We spent most of our time in the dark room, learning the basic principals of using an enlarger with light sensitive paper. The aim was to make a photogram.

In case you donā??t know what a photogram is (I know I didnā??t until yesterday) hereā??s a quick breakdown of how you make one:

  1. get a piece of light sensitive paper
  2. put stuff on it (the idea here is block light from reaching the paper ā?? semi opaque objects and objects that can reflect / scatter light seem to work best)
  3. expose light to it using an enlarger
  4. develop, wash, fix and wash the paper
  5. take a look at what happened

For those that like to know, the photogram at the top of this page was created by using muti-coloured plastic cocktail sticks and exposing for 4 seconds at f8 onto Kentmere VC Select Fine Lustre M.Wt. The paper was then developed for 1minute, washed, fixed for 5minutes and then washed for 5 minutes.

If youā??ve never made a photogram and have access to a darkroom I strongly recommend you give it a go. If nothing else itā??s a pretty fun way to spend an afternoon.

I started getting into photography properly about the same time that digital was becoming a decent way to take photos. I made a conscious decision that I would embrace the new technology and shunned the ā??old wayā?. Until now my only experience of using film involved waiting in line at boots wondering how many of my photos would come out pink or even worse would have that ā??Sorry. You really messed this one upā?, sticker plastered across them.

This was the first time Iā??ve used darkroom equipment and although it was by no means a total experience it really opened my eyes to something. I think I finally understand what is so appealing about working with film. Itā??s not the fumes from the reasonably hazardous chemicals or the constantly thumping my leg on things while moving about the incredibly dimly lit room. Itā??s not even the losing the white photographic paper on the enlargerā??s white baseboard (who decided that was a good idea?). Itā??s the excitement of seeing what youā??ve got – that short delay between exposure and sluicing the paper in the developer until the image literally fades into view. If youā??re working efficiently weā??re only talking about a minute but in that minute you get to experience something that you just donā??t get with digital – anticipation.

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Spotlight On: Anthony Denton

Tuesday, September 25th, 2007

Leopard Cub in Carcass. Copyright Anthony Denton, UK, 2007

An old friend of mine visited TDM yesterday and imparted some of his experience regarding my wedding photography fears. I gave him a call to find out what he had been up to lately and he told me a little bit about the safaris he has been organizing. As you can see from the picture of the leopard cub inside a carcass, it has been a fruitful exercise!

In spite of being incredibly busy at the moment, Tony has agreed to set aside a little time to write a couple of articles for us, including his experiences as a wedding photographer, his journey from amateur to professional photographer and his trips to exotic locations to photograph the wildlife.

For those of us who like to know such things, the technical info of the leopard shot looks like this:

  • Location: Samburu, Kenya
  • Camera: Canon 20D
  • Lens: 70-200 F2.8 with a Canon 1.4x converter
  • Exposure: 1/125s @ f6.3
  • Raw file processed with CS2

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Does having the best of the best kit really make a difference to the quality of your photography?

Friday, September 21st, 2007

Is it the kit, or is it me?

This is one of those topics that we could talk about for ever and a day. There probably isnā??t a right or wrong answer, but hereā??s my take on it.

The better the kit the easier it is to take great photos.

The truth is, if you gave me the top of the range canon and the best lenses in the world and then gave Mr Bailey the bottom of the range canon and the bottom of the range lenses, heā??d still probably take a better portrait than me. But ā?? and this is an interesting but ā?? providing I could use the kit at least as well as I can use the mid range kit that I use everyday, I bet I could take a better photo than I can now. This troubles me a little. Where do you draw the line between photographer and camera?

I canā??t tell you how many times Iā??ve shown someone my work and the first thing to pop out of their blessed mouths is, ā??Wow. You must have a really good camera.ā? Thank you. Thatā??s exactly why itā??s a good picture. The camera did it. I was just the monkey that pushed the shutter release. Iā??m so glad I went to the trouble of buying that tremendous camera. Iā??m sure this has happened to you too. Frustrating isnā??t it?

You see hereā??s the problem. I want to take credit for the photo, but if the kit I use was less capable would the photo be as good? To a certain extent I think it would have been, but Iā??m certain I would have had a harder job achieving the same results.

Iā??m a fairly decent photographer. Iā??m certainly no David Bailey, but Iā??m pretty capable. If I was a better photographer would my ability surpass that of the camera or is the camera doing the driving here? Would the best photographers from 50 years ago be better photographers now because they could use more advanced kit, or are their photographs as good because of the way they were taken and not what they were taken with?

I expect this issue as always been around, but Iā??m sure it has been amplified by the relatively recent arrival of digital and all the clever software that the cameras use.

The best of the best lenses can produce sharper images than the bottom of the range lenses. This we know is true. Cameras with larger CCDs can capture more information that the ones with smaller CCDs. This too we know is true. But we also know that clarity and size of data doesnā??t guarantee a good photo. Composition, use of light and frankly, opportunity surely must be bigger factors than what kit was used. I think the kit can sometimes help us but at the end of the day a good photo depends upon some sort of creativity.

There. Thatā??s my take on it. What do you think?

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How To… Succeed In Selling Stock Photography Online

Thursday, September 20th, 2007

Pounds and Photography

Gaz wrote a smashing article the other day about Online Photo Libraries and how they have clearly ruined the stock photography market and crushed the soles of small time professional photographers (actually thatā??s not really what he said I just wanted to spice things up a little. You should go ahead and read it by the way. It was very thought provoking.). For the most part I agree with what Gaz had to say, however I have been a member of a few of these libraries for a while and without putting any real effort into it Iā??ve managed to make a reasonable amount of money from them. I thought Iā??d do a quick guide to some of the online stock libraries and share with you some of my tips on how to become successful through them.

Before I get started I really aught to say that if you have an issue with earning very little for each sale you make donā??t do this. Find another way to sell your photos. I promise you that if you canā??t accept this one simple fact you will find selling images through these libraries entirely sole destroying.

Getting Started

The very first thing you need to do is go through your collection of photos and pick out the ones you think are best. Generally you need to be looking for images that are high quality, the equivalent of 3 megapixels or larger in size and that have something reasonably unique about them. By reasonably unique I mean things like a fresh viewpoint on a subject or a rare subject (e.g. an owl catching its prey). Reasonable uniqueness isnā??t essential, but it will greatly improve your chances of making a sale. Most of the heavy users of these libraries are people like web developers, commercial blog writers, and people who need images for newsletters and press releases. With this in mind the images that sell the best are conceptual images – images that can convey a message.

When you have your images sorted itā??s time to hit the libraries. I have tried about a million of these and the ones I have found to be most successful for me are the following:

I particularly like these libraries because the images I upload donā??t have to be exclusive to each site and the payouts are some of the fairest out there. Thatā??s not to say that the payouts are good. They really arenā??t. For each sale I only get between 20c and $1.50. Depending on the volume of sales I make these royalties can go up, but theyā??re never going to be impressive.

You need to register with each library and youā??ll have to pass a submission test before you can start selling. This involves uploading a few of your photos for them to assess. If you fail assessment you will be told why and then you can apply again. If you pass you can start uploading the images you want to sell. Youā??ll need to give each photo a title, a description, select a number of suitable categories for it to sit in and create a list of keywords that pertain to the image. This helps place the image appropriately when a buyer does a search.

Every image you upload will go through the approval process again and wonā??t be available for sale until it passes. Providing you follow the sitesā?? guidelines for submitting photos you should have no problems. Once a photo is approved itā??s up and available to buy until you decide you want to stop selling it.

Another reason I particularly like the libraries in the list above is that they all offer buyers the ability to buy different licences for your images. Now unless you are pretty lucky, itā??s not incredibly likely that you will sell any images for full exclusive rights, but it you do you could be looking at a few thousand for your trouble. It hasnā??t happened to me yet, but I live in hope.

How to Really Succeed

The key to being successful in these libraries is to create large conceptual images and lots of them. The larger the image is the more media it can be used for. If you can produce thousands of images that cover as many categories as possible you will maximise your exposure and therefore your chance to make a sale. Obviously the higher the quality the better and the more you think about your keywords and image titles the better too.

Categories that will always sell well are:

  • Images of people. These are the hardest to produce because firstly you need willing models and secondly youā??ll need to upload a signed model release with each photo.
  • Images that convey business messages.
  • Business orientated conceptual images.
  • Warm and fuzzy conceptual images.
  • Money conceptual images.
  • Seasonal images when they are in season. You wonā??t sell Christmas images during Easter.

Images that donā??t sell very well are:

  • Pet portraits.
  • Landscapes (unless theyā??re exceptional).
  • Pictures of fruit and other very accessible still life.

Make sure you keep tabs on which images are selling best from other photographers. Donā??t just flat out copy what they have done though. Take pictures that are similar but with your own unique twist to them. If a buyer is presented with 30 pictures that are all basically the same theyā??ll just pick the first one. Or even worse theyā??ll decide that they wanted something more unique and go elsewhere.

If a genre is flooded with thousands of photos, donā??t bother trying to compete. Find another genre where you could really make an impact.

Lastly, be patient. It may take a while before you see any real results. Keep plugging away, use your head and youā??ll soon get there. Most of all have fun. You wonā??t make a living from these libraries any time soon, so if youā??re not enjoying it why do it?

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Back to School – Where Have All the Cameras Gone?

Wednesday, September 19th, 2007

Back to School

Recently I decided to sign up to do an AS level in Photography at the local college. The course requires you to have a ā??good, basic 35mm SLR cameraā?, so as soon as I received confirmation of my place on the course I excitedly marched into town to buy one. Iā??d been saving up a bit and had a budget of Ā£200 – more than enough to get a basic SLR I thought. Well, you see it would have been enough if I could have found one.

In my local town centre (which is actually a city centre) there are three photography shops. One is part of a big chain. One is part of a slightly smaller chain and the other is an independent store. I went to all three and not one of them had a 35mm film camera in stock. In fairness the two chain stores did both have a second hand section that did contain film SLRs, but these were archaic to say the least, and to be honest I didnā??t want to buy a second hand one. I had saved up my money and I wanted to treat myself.

Neither of the chain stores ever stock film SLRs and would only be able to order me in the very expensive top of the range models. The independent store on the other hand was the most helpful and offered to order me in Canonā??s recently released EOS 300x (which I now have in my possession and love by the way).

The really odd thing about all this though, is that despite not being able to sell me a camera there and then, all three of them had piles and piles of multi-grade paper, all the right chemicals and a plethora of film to choose from.

I asked the independent guy why he didnā??t keep them in stock and his reply was very simple, ā??no one buys them.ā?

So hereā??s my question – What do all the film photographers do when theyā??re kit wears out. Are they going to have to go digital? This isnā??t something that bothers me too much. If Iā??m honest I prefer digital and the flexibility that it offers me anyway, but I bet thereā??s going to be a mass of disgruntled film enthusiasts out there when this happens.

I even checked the internet. Again, unless you want to buy the very top end kit it isnā??t much easier to buy a brand new camera from there either. Not using UK websites at least. Does this mean that we really are going to see the death of film? Once all the second hand kit dries up and every piece of existing kit breaks / wears out is that it? Are we going to be left with lots of rolls of film (that we can apparently buy almost anywhere) but have no way to use them?

If you check out most of the manufacturers websites you can see that there are less and less film cameras in their ranges. Some manufacturers have even stopped producing them all together. Is this the real beginning of the end? Is this even a big deal? Will Mildred get together with Trevor? Who knows? We sure donā??t. What do you think?

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If You Use A Canon You’ll Like This

Tuesday, September 18th, 2007

EOS Digital Guidebook

I’ve been using Canon digital kit for ages and yet I’ve only just come across this. Hopefully you’ll find it as interesting as I do:

http://www.usa.canon.com/content/eos_guidebook/index.html

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The Problem with New Kit Me.

Tuesday, September 18th, 2007

Kettle

My kettle broke the other day – a major catastrophe when you drink as much tea as I do. So into town I went to find a Kettle hardy enough to supply me with my daily two gallons. I ended up buying one of those kettles with the filter in it. The water that comes out is almost as clear as if it were fresh from a mountain stream. It boils so fast I barely have time to select a tea bag before it starts to cool down. All in all itā??s a magnificent piece of equipment. There is one downside though. With a traditional kettle you want to fill it just before you boil it. With this you need to fill it after youā??ve used it to make sure that enough water has filtered before you next want a cuppa. Otherwise thereā??s a bit of a wait as the water trickles through the filter. Such a small difference and worth adapting to for the spring-like H2O. The trouble is I canā??t adapt. I never remember to fill it once Iā??ve used it. Iā??m stuck in the habit of using the old kettle. The same is true of my new camera.

I needed to buy a 35mm film SLR for a course Iā??m taking at the local college. I mostly use my canon EOS 350D so I thought Iā??d buy the closest thing I could to that ā?? the canon EOS 300x. It is indeed very similar to use but it does of course have itā??s differences. Itā??s driving me nuts! Iā??ve read the manual. Iā??ve sat on the couch without film in it practising whilst watching telly. Iā??ve even tried writing it down to get it to sink in and I just canā??t get it. When it comes to crunch time and I have to actually use it to take a photo I go right into auto-pilot and try to change the settings as if it were my digital. Now I know this is nothing to do with the camera and everything to do with me being a useless git, but how do you overcome something like this? Am I destined to be unable to operate my camera without having to really think about it? Am I finally going to get the hang of the film camera and then struggle with my digital? Will I forever be in a limbo state unable to use either camera properly? What can I do?

Please send answers on a postcard to 43 Chilton Avenā?¦actually, you could just use the comment form below. Let us know if youā??ve had similar troubles and what you did to resolve them.

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Product Review – Giottos Rocket-air Blower

Monday, September 17th, 2007

rocketair.gif

I’ve been having to change lenses on my Canon 350D quite a lot recently and no matter how careful I am it seems impossible to stop the dust getting in. There are hundreds of products on the market for cleaning your cameraā??s sensor but the ones that seem to be the best all require making contact with it. To be honest Iā??m not thrilled about the prospect of doing that. I just donā??t want to risk a slip-up and ruin my beloved camera. So, for the last few months Iā??ve been trying to give it a clean with my blower. Iā??m sure you have one of these too – a little rubber bulb with a brush on the end – useless by anyoneā??s standards. I have decided that enough is enough and today I purchased a Giottos Rocket-air Blower.

If you donā??t have one of these then run out and buy one right now! I mean it looks like a rocket for crying out loud! Actually, joking aside, when you use the blower it becomes clear that its looks are a by-product of its engineering. The bulb is erganomic and as large as most people could comfortably hold. The fins at the bottom are there to stand the blower up, preventing the inlet valve from becoming blocked and the nozzle, well OK I think the nozzle is just to make it look more like a rocket but still, it really does seem to be the product of good engineering rather than aesthetics.

With each squeeze you really get the sense that this is a very well put together piece of kit. Itā??s made of thick, natural, environmentally friendly rubber and feels almost indestructible.

The pressure of the expelled air is substantial. Certainly strong enough to blow away dust that had become statically stuck to my cameraā??s sensor. Iā??ve also used it to clean my lenses with equally superb results.

The one I bought was the medium Rocket-air. With that in mind the power of the large one should be very impressive am Iā??m certain the small version will combine ample oomph with pocket sized portability. They cost around Ā£5 – Ā£10 depending on the model and are available at any good photography store. If youā??re like me though and canā??t be doing with the trip into town you can have one delivered straight to you door by good old Amazon:

Giottos Rocket-air Blower – small

Giottos Rocket-air Blower – medium

Giottos Rocket-air Blower – large

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